1.乙(yi)(yi)醇法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa) 以(yi)乙(yi)(yi)醇为(wei)(wei)原料,以(yi)氧(yang)化(hua)镁二(er)(er)(er)(er)氧(yang)化(hua)硅为(wei)(wei)主催化(hua)剂(ji)(ji)(ji),加入活性添加剂(ji)(ji)(ji),在360~370℃下,催化(hua)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氢(qing)和(he)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui),生成丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
2.抽(chou)(chou)提(ti)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa) 乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)裂解(jie)装置副产(chan)C4馏(liu)(liu)分,用溶(rong)剂(ji)(ji)(ji)抽(chou)(chou)提(ti)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)提(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),依采用的(de)(de)溶(rong)剂(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)同,可(ke)分为(wei)(wei)乙(yi)(yi)腈(jing)(jing)(jing)抽(chou)(chou)提(ti)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)犖(luo),N-二(er)(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)基(ji)(ji)甲(jia)酰胺抽(chou)(chou)提(ti)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。
(1)乙(yi)(yi)腈(jing)(jing)(jing)抽(chou)(chou)提(ti)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa) 以(yi)乙(yi)(yi)腈(jing)(jing)(jing)为(wei)(wei)萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取(qu)(qu)(qu)剂(ji)(ji)(ji)。将乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)裂解(jie)装置副产(chan)的(de)(de)C4馏(liu)(liu)分送入丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取(qu)(qu)(qu)精(jing)(jing)(jing)馏(liu)(liu)塔(ta),顶(ding)(ding)部加入乙(yi)(yi)腈(jing)(jing)(jing),丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)及(ji)少(shao)量丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)烷(wan)从塔(ta)顶(ding)(ding)排出(chu)(chu);丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、炔(gui)(gui)烃(ting)(ting)和(he)乙(yi)(yi)腈(jing)(jing)(jing)进(jin)(jin)入第一解(jie)吸塔(ta),乙(yi)(yi)腈(jing)(jing)(jing)被解(jie)吸出(chu)(chu)来(lai),并返(fan)回萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取(qu)(qu)(qu)精(jing)(jing)(jing)馏(liu)(liu)塔(ta)。丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)炔(gui)(gui)烃(ting)(ting)进(jin)(jin)入第二(er)(er)(er)(er)萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取(qu)(qu)(qu)塔(ta),塔(ta)顶(ding)(ding)加入乙(yi)(yi)腈(jing)(jing)(jing),丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)从塔(ta)顶(ding)(ding)出(chu)(chu)来(lai),进(jin)(jin)入水(shui)(shui)洗塔(ta),再(zai)经精(jing)(jing)(jing)馏(liu)(liu)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)(shui)得(de)聚(ju)合(he)级(ji)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
(2)N,N-二(er)(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)基(ji)(ji)甲(jia)酰胺抽(chou)(chou)提(ti)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa) 以(yi)犖(luo),N-二(er)(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)基(ji)(ji)甲(jia)酰胺为(wei)(wei)萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取(qu)(qu)(qu)剂(ji)(ji)(ji)。C4馏(liu)(liu)分二(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取(qu)(qu)(qu),二(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)精(jing)(jing)(jing)馏(liu)(liu),制取(qu)(qu)(qu)合(he)格的(de)(de)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)产(chan)品(pin)。第一次(ci)(ci)萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取(qu)(qu)(qu)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)除比丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)难溶(rong)于犖(luo),N-二(er)(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)基(ji)(ji)甲(jia)酰胺的(de)(de)杂质,如(ru)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)烷(wan);第二(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取(qu)(qu)(qu)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)除比丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)易溶(rong)于N,N-二(er)(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)基(ji)(ji)甲(jia)酰胺的(de)(de)杂质,如(ru)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)基(ji)(ji)乙(yi)(yi)炔(gui)(gui)。第一次(ci)(ci)精(jing)(jing)(jing)馏(liu)(liu)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)除比丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)轻的(de)(de)组分,如(ru)甲(jia)基(ji)(ji)乙(yi)(yi)炔(gui)(gui);第二(er)(er)(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)精(jing)(jing)(jing)馏(liu)(liu)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)除比丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)重的(de)(de)组分,如(ru)顺(shun)2-丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、1,2-丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、C5馏(liu)(liu)分及(ji)高沸点物(wu),最后得(de)到99.5%以(yi)上的(de)(de)1,3-丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)(er)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)成品(pin)。
3.由(you)石油(you)气(qi)体大(da)量制备,即由(you)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)或(huo)丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)-丁(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)烷(wan)混合(he)物(wu)催化(hua)脱(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)氢(qing),也可(ke)通过裂解(jie)石脑油(you)和(he)轻油(you)直接得(de)到。